The dysfunctional family dynamics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

The dysfunctional family kinetics - Essay Example turkey cocks haughty methodology of controlling his wife and children is akin to a command-and-conquer mentality much like that of a militant. His psychological maladjustment appears to be a direct result of conceit depletion that provides the foundation for his deviant and abusive behaviours. toms inefficiency in farming does not provide adequate income or sustenance to the household which exacerbates the problem in their marriage and the rituals that occur in the family dynamic. Carrie maintains an uninvolved parenting style which is borne of her growing depression and anxiety caused by Tom, her miscarriages, and the financial situation that drives the current family dynamics. In relation to family dynamics and roles, in most well-adjusted households, children come upon about appropriate behaviours through social role exampleling under social learning theory. This states that children will learn from giving role models based on what is punished and what brings punishment (Neubert, Carlson, Kacmar, Roberts & Chonko, 2009). However, in order for this learning to be adopted, the role model must be a credible and attractive person in the eyes of the child (Neubert, et al.). This is compelling support for why each of the children maintain a unique method of cope with the abuse behaviours that they experience or witness vicariously as it is directed at Carrie. Tom does not represent a worthwhile role model and, due to the fathers controlling methodology and distorted values on autonomy, the children puddle a distant and uninvolved relationship with both parents. Toms refusal to allow the children to socialise with neighbours or school peers continue to degrade healthy adjustment, especially in the older children. Peer acceptance and friendships are apparent constructs and contribute positively to youth development (Brown & Lohr, 1987, p.48). Under Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs and personality developm ent, in order to find higher concepts for healthy adult adjustment, a sense of belonging needs to be established in the family or social environment (Gambrel & Cianci, 2003). Individuals in society need to feel that they have a certain level of control over their circumstances and receive recognition from others in order to build potency (Gambrel & Cianci, 2003). Tom contributes highly to the depletion of self-confidence by removing elements of autonomous living and decision-making from both Carrie and the children. He serves as a catalyst for maladjusted youth behaviours and personality, such as that of Fiona who simply deserted the family in favour of receipt of these more important affiliation and belonging needs. A non-affiliatory environment dictates the level of relationship between family members and is borne of passive and uninvolved parenting style. Tom Tom appears to have a low locus of control, which under this theory is a persons belief that external parties have control over their constituent (Treven & Potocan, 2005). A more healthy and adjusted adult tends to have a higher locus of control, believing that through perseverance and internal motivations that their own portion is controllable and manageable without blaming the external world. Tom exerts these characteristics of having a low locus of control with his animosity against those who hold college degrees (since he did not complete higher education) and with his warning of neighbours as being nosey or without value. Tom is using inferior coping mechanisms and defence mechanisms common to those with distorted perceptions of the world that directly impacts the family unit and somebody mental health. Violence and Children Violence

Key Difference between Consumer and B2B Marketing Assignment

Key Difference amidst Consumer and B2B Marketing - Assignment practice sessionMost of the large firms which produce goods such as production, steel, and equipment along with computer memory chips cater to the business market customers and the organizations do not directly act with their customers. The introduction of the laser printers along with the personal computers had brought HP which was a B2B marketer into the consumer market. Conversely, Apple strength has also extended towards the business market as its iPad was macrocosm used or tested in more than 75% of the fortune 500 companies just after a month of its launch. Corporate using iPad includes J.P. Morgan Chase, Tellabs, Inc., and profound Health. Products such as office furniture, smartphones, softwargon, and personal computers are products which are purchased both by the consumers as well as by the business markets. The feature that tends to let out consumer goods from business selling is the intended use of the pr oduct and the intended consumer. Some of the global big brands belong to the business marketing section and they include Google, Blackberry, Cisco, Caterpillar, FedEx, IBM, HP, 3M to parent a few organizations (Hutt & Speh, 2012, p.8-9). Some of the key differences which exist between B2C and B2B marketing have been shown in table 1. B2B marketing focuses on fewer and on vary customers and involves complex and technical sales processes as compared to consumer marketers. The issue of complexity such as multiple stakeholders which includes, purchasing agents, financial analysts, engineers, layers, manufacturing managers all of these stakeholders proceeds through the multi-stage decision-making process. The aim of however few but powerful customers who often account for a high percentage of sales represents that most of the powerful and super acid statistical tools in the B2C domain should be adapted in the B2B domain. In addition, most of the transaction in B2C sectors happens thr ough common channels. For example, consumer packaged goods in the retail stores through which the retailers are able to capture and host about competitive consumer marketing. In contrast, transactions in B2B marketing are mostly private and negotiation happens mostly the ough a downstream channel of distribution. Therefore it can be said that data about the terms and nature of transactions and consumers are not visible to the common people (Lilien & Grewal, 2012, p.4). B2B marketing generally involves wholesalers, manufacturers, and the service firms which markets the good and service to another form of business but not to the ultimate consumers. Thus the distinction between B2C and B2B is not only the service or the product but the ultimate users of the product and the service. For example, if a pair of jeans had been sold to industrial business which then to the tutelary firm where the employees would have wears them on the workplace, such transaction would still be termed as B2B transactions. Another major factor of difference between business marketing and consumer marketing is the role e of the salesperson. Salespeople are important and essential in dealing with consumer goods such as FMCG, consumer electronics, jeweler, insurance and real estates.

Take home exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Take home exam - Essay ExampleThis is in contrast to their previous life where they were cosseted and cared for by their parents. They compositors case the dilemma of struggling like other street children something that they were unaccustomed to previously. They face the dilemma of stealing as the rest of the street children or working for their survival. The children also face a dilemma when their aunt, who was helping in caring for their sister, who was a toddler, lives for Stockholm. They are left with the responsibility of being parents despite their ages. This results in the goal of their sister due to a fever, since they were not able to purchase medicine. This shows the severity of their suffering since fever can easily be treated. Their quest for survival necessitates them to work for a prostitute, who gives them money for distributing her flier on cars around the city. The major dilemma that the characters face in the movie is when they meet their parents killer. They ar e face with the dilemma of desire retribution or forgiving the perpetrators. At first, we are made to believe that Gulistan wants to kill the perpetrator, but the situation plays out differently with the character choosing otherwise. The movie is tragic, and the death of the parents of these characters shatters their futures. They lose hope of achieving their dreams and are instead living only for survival. In the end, the characters are not able to solve the problems they face as orphans.Genre is a crucial element in delineations. Students study the genre theory in order to facilitate the student to categorize films. This is crucial for film student since they choose to have in depth knowledge, in cinematography. The students will be able to critically analyze films and contextualize the content of the films. This is because they will look beyond the content of the film but will instead consider the other cover aspects of the film. They will also have a deeper understanding on th e cultural aspect of

The relation of quality management and risk management -or- the future Thesis Proposal

The relation of reference focussing and pretend management -or- the future of quality management with risk management - Thesis Proposal causaWiddop et al (2007, p.2) observes that integrating the two approaches to management requires communication. There is a gap in the existing literature of the lack of a framework of enhancing the integration of quality management with risk management and this is the focus of this study. Developing this integrative framework will make it easy for organizations to manoeuvre these important approaches to management.According to Williams et al (2006, p.68) risk management intersects with quality management at the point at which it seeks to ensure the effectiveness, efficiency and economy of a business strategy or process. Quality management is the design and execution of products and services with the design of take overing and preferably exceeding customers expectations without the wastage of available resources (Williams et al 2006, p.68). Ris k management identifies, prioritizes, addresses, and eliminates potential sources of failure of the services and products to meet their set objectives. In this context, risk management is a pre-emptive, proactive, predictive, and preventive endeavour. After studying a number of companies, Williams et al (2006, p.69) found that reducing risk deltas reduces objective gaps and variation hence increasing process quality.Kuhn and Youngberg (2002, p.159) asserted quality is one of the important issues in risk-based approach to management alongside health, safety and environment. After examining cinque organizations, Kuhn and Youngberg (2002, p.159) found that continuous improvement, stakeholder satisfaction, adherence to standards and checks and balances, optimizing the quality of every investors dollar and prevention are quality principles and practices that seamlessly fit into risk management. Kuhn and Youngberg (2002, p.160) observe that the Six Sigma is an modelling case of how to i ntegrate quality management with risk management. For example, he notes that Six Sigmas DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve,

The Foremost Negotiator in Africa Essay Example for Free

The Foremost Negotiator in Africa Essay lade Adeyemi is a man known to some and referred to be many, as Africas first off Negotiation trainer, coach and author. The commonwealth trained lawyer and Negotiation specialist is the founder of Africas first business enterprise Negotiation schoolhouse, the Transatlantic Negotiation School of Business which was incorporated in California USA and has training centres in West, East and Southern Africa. The Negopreneur ( has he called fondly by some of his products), started his career as a legal officer and solicitor ,with work experiences from organisations in Singapore, United States, Australia, Nigeria and Mauritius, His skill acquisition and expertise in the area of Business Negotiation has been severally harness not only in his innate abilites, but also his intercultural prowess in the usage of Negotiation techniques for and on behalf of the various National and International Organisations as well as professionals he has be privileged to serve over the years. The Harvard University trained Negotiation professional has tutored and taught over 100,000 professionals from 6 continents , comprising of Magistrates ,Lawyers, Entrepreneurs, Governments, NGOs, CEOs, Insurers, HR executives, Managers, Political leaders,Engineers, Fellows of the Sloan School of Management at the MIT in Cambridge USA, African delegates of the Harvard Universitys Programs on Negotiation, as well as other students from the following Universities Idaho State University USA, Brigham Young University Rexburg USA, Fresno Community College California, Legion University Accra, Ghana, University of Lagos Lagos, Nigeria, University of drapery Town Cape Town, South Africa, Members of the Rotract Club, Africa.The Certified Negotiation Expert (CNE), is also a member of various organizations such as the African Round Table, honorary society of International Business, International Bar Association, Investment Management Consultants Association, International Association of Business Communications, Commonwealth Association of Lawyers, Rotary International etc. The California inspire Newspaper front page personality has also been involved in capacity building of youths and entrepreneurs and has a great passion for youth development and growth.Lade Adeyemi has also amongst a few written various articles some of which include, Looking Next Door Indentifying Undermining Characteristics of court-ordered and Business Negotiation Ethics from an Afro-Asian jut PointArticle written and published in an Entrepreneurial Magazine in Perth, Australia. Amongst some of the books he has authored are, Think Wealth, Think Africa, 123Business Negotiation Techniques for Managers as the lift out selling Negotiating as a Pro.Others to be published in 2013 include Intercultural Negotiations an international Business guide for Win-Win outcomes, Negotiating the Non-Negotiables Dealing with the Principalities in Negotiations,100 Key Negotiation a nd suasion Techniques for Effective Communication co- authored with Prof Andra Hansen, Negotiation and Church Leadership co- authored with Dr J. Blackwood and the long awaited Legal Professionals Negotiations 100 Negotiation techniques for lawyers and judicial officers.On the concern side (from the recent), he is currently the convener of Africas first Business Negotiation School, Founder / President, Transatlantic Negotiation School of Business USA, Founder Africas first Wax and digital museum Our Heritage House of Wax and digital Imagery Company, Group Chairman, Nubian Group, Africa, currently serves as the Subject Matter Expert on Negotiation, Lagos State Government, was the Special / Legal Assistant to the E.C Lagos State Public Works Corporation, served as Legal Adviser / Company Secretary, Taxi-AD Germany, Managing / Life Partner Funmi Adeyemi Co, was the first African to be employed as the International Business Executive Asian Centre for Professional Excellence- Singap ore. Before setting off tonSingapore, he practiced as a Lawyer in Chamber with IDOWU Queens Chambers, Gadzama Attoneys at Law Abuja as well as Lateef Adegbite Co.A man of numerous indigenous and international awards amongst which are, the Paul Harris troupe award Rotary International, Honorary Member, Worldwide Whos Who, USA , Role Model Award pass catcher , Young Entrepreneurs Network of Africa, Role Model award recipient , faculty of Arts and Communication, University of Lagos, Award of Recognition in Negotiation and Leadership, Faculty of Communications, Fresno Community College CarliforniaUSA as well as the first African to be presented with the prestigious African Leadership Award in Negotiation by the African Leadership Magazine, Cairo, to mention but a few.

Learning Experiences Essay Example for Free

Learning Experiences EssayThe value of education undoubtedly depends on the purpose behind it. Activities also give the chela new abilities, and allow him/her to find abilities never known to have existed before, or strengthen skills that naturally exist in any human being. When a boor is born, the nestling sets by interacting with the innovation around him/her, and this is the foundation for building the childs intellectually abilities as well as the childs personality, emotionally and socially (Mahapatra, 2009). This paper focuses on the larn experiences that a child acquires from various activities, as dictated by the childs age. In this study, there are 5 age groups that would be considered. The starting signal stage is the stage of younger babies, the older babies, the toddler stage, the kindy stage, and the last stage, the preschoolers. In this paper, the researcher would like to discuss the t each(prenominal)ing strategies to be used, including all the considerati ons to be involved when it comes to teaching organisation. Young babies Young babies are children whose age is categorized as babies who are of 6 months old from the time when they are born. During this stage, the baby shall go out basic activities much(prenominal) as learning to sit on his/her own and learning to explore the world using his/her hands. Other senses are also at play since the child is naturally curious intimately the world and will use his/her sense to learn. At this stage, babies tend to use their mouths as well to explore things, which is why it is important that they be given up toys that are not hazardous and will not cause choking. Some toys have been specifically designed for a babys learning purpose and these toys are safe to be kept in the mouth. Activities that female genitalia benefit a childs learning experience passel be aided by toys. Learning resources digest start with toys that roll in the hay be placed in the childs crib, such as colourful mobiles, as well as toys that can be squeezed, such as tuneful toys. Other toys can be toys that require the child to use his/her body muscles to push and pull, in revise to stimulate the childs grabbing and grasping skills (Henig, 2008). As a instructor, it is important that the child be given materials to encourage him/her to be aware of his/her senses, what they are for and how to use them.For instance, the child can be given a musical ball, which the child has to squeeze in order for sounds to be heard. The learning experience of the child can be evaluated by the kinds of toys that stimulates the childs brain. For instance, the teacher or the caregiver can provide a variety of toys for the child to play with, and depending on what toy the child picks up the most, the teacher can decide what toy appeals more(prenominal) to the child. If the child picks up the musical toy more often, it means that the sound that the ball concords appeals to the childs senses. Older Babies O lder babies are approximately hoary from 6 to 15 months. At this stage, babies are subject to expatiate their problem solving skills as they continue learning about a variety of new objects. They are also more able to understand people, and at this stage, the child starts to constantly seek for independence, and they try to develop their own self-esteem. Toys are also more played with, since the child starts to learn how to play properly. For instance, when a child is given toy blocks, or toys such as Lego, the child is actually able to build something out of these blocks.In accompaniment to this, the child is also more curious, so providing the child with a play area complete with swings, slides and other play structures encourages active play. Activities that could be advised for a child of this stage could be providing a child with a puzzle to complete. The teacher could provide the child with a cardboard jigsaw puzzle where the child has to form the pieces together in ord er to make a picture. This activity helps stimulates intellect activity in the child, speckle wooden puzzles also stimulate centripetal discrimination as well as the development of the childs eyes and hands.An environment such as a playground could give the child enough room to set up his/her own dramatic scene, along with his/her own playmates. The teacher can provide the child with materials such as costumes in order for the child to be more creative in role playing. The teachers responsibility at this point is just to observe the childs activities and not to actually help the child to do the right thing. This way, the child can have more freedom to express himself/ herself. Toddlers Toddlers are aged from 15 to 36 months. At this stage, toddlers are fascinated by household objects, the different shapes of objects and their textures.It is also at this stage where the toddlers motor skills develop at a fast rate, and this is the stage where the greatest changes in a childs li fe and the childs mind happens. Furthermore, the child is able to express himself/herself more (University of Georgia, 2007). For this stage, the teacher can coordinate an activity that allows the child to use his sense of sound better, while also developing the childs creativity level at a faster rate. The teacher could create a enjoyment experience for the toddler by allowing the child to use a variety of cooking utensils for the child to play with.Pots, pans, and cans can be used, and the child can be given wooden utensils so he/she can make a personalized instrument and bang the items together to make his/her own rhythm. A rhythm game can also be played where the teacher can play a certain rhythm and have the child copy it and repeat it accordingly (Tomlinson, 2008). This activity stimulates the childs response to sounds, and the teacher can begin to teach the child new words such as beat, or drum, to talk about the activity itself, or the teacher can teach the child descript ive words to allow the child to express his/her feelings while performing the activity.At this stage, the teacher helps the child be more acquainted(predicate) with shapes, textures, smells and even taste. Kindy Stage This stage is concerned with kids who are aged approximately 36 to 52 months. This is the kindergarten stage, where the child has begun to talk, sing and dance. This is also the stage where the child is suppose to be taught how to read since the child can already understand some concepts about the world. Children at this stage may start to struggle at first with class period. Therefore it is advised that the teacher or the caregiver read to the child every day.This way, the child can begin to realize that reading is a fun activity, and the child is also able to use his/her imagination as the adult reads to him/her. Learning how to read starts with a childs ears. An activity that a teacher can do for the child would be to read a story to the child and to ask the c hild questions regarding the story. For instance, after reading a story about animals, the teacher can use the help of pictures with animals on them, as well as cards containing the names of these animals. The childs task is to attach each word card to the picture it corresponds with. This way, the child is able to be familiarize himself/herself with new vocabulary, new situations and experiences, and the child can even match what he/she learns from reading to what he/she sees, hears, touches, and taste in real life (Cooper Cooper, 2008). Preschoolers Preschoolers are from the age of 48 to 52 months old. At this stage, children can recall concepts easier, and also familiar words. They can also understand new words and new concepts better and can understand the meanings of basic words such as over, and under (Child Development Institute, LLC, 2008).When it comes to mathematical concepts such as addition and subtraction, there exists a pervasive relationship between a childs under standing and the childs adjective skills. Procedural knowledge refers to the childs skills that are required in order to solve mathematical problems. For this stage, the teacher can do an activity by using materials such as marbles. The teacher can lay out the marbles on the ground and ask the child to count them. The teacher can then take away a number of these marbles and ask the child to count the marbles again.This way, the child can understand the meaning of subtraction, while the teacher can teach addition by adding more marbles to the pile and asking the student to count them. The teacher can first designate how it is done first so that the child can easily follow. Such an activity helps the child to clearly understand the meaning of both addition and subtraction, as well as helping him/her to recite the numbers more often. This way, the child is also made familiar with more numbers. The teachers duty is to turn back that the child is able to count properly, as well as a dd properly and subtract properly.Previous stages allowed the child to have the freedom to perform in any way the child wants. At this age, however, the teacher should introduce the child to correct mathematical concepts so the child is able to retain in his/her mind such information (Geary et al. 2000) Such mathematical drills should be performed time and time again so that the child will not easily forget. The teacher can evaluate the childs performance by repeating the exercise again and again, giving way for the child to make mistakes.For all the activities mentioned, it would help the teacher as well to use the reward system when a child performs well. This is especially advised for children who may be stubborn and require a minuscule pushing in order to perform accordingly or better. It must also be noted that children cannot be expected to learn quickly so the teacher must be patient and should help the child do so (Fendrich et al. 1993)References Child Development Institut e, LLC. 2008. Language development in children, on January 15 2009, from http//www. childdevelopmentinfo.com/development/language_development. shtml Cooper, T. Cooper, S. (2009) Teaching reading Part One, retrieved on January 15 2009 from http//www. teaching-children-to-read. net/ Fendrich, D. W, Healy, A Bourne, L (1993) Mental arithmetic Training and retention of multiplication skill, cognitive Psychology Applied, pp. 116-133. Geary, D, Hamson, C Hoard, M (2000) Numerical and arithmetical cognition A longitudinal study of process and concept deficits in children with learning disability, Journal of experimental Child Psychology, 77, pp.236-263. Henig, R. (Februaru 17 2008) Taking play seriously, New York Times Magazine, p. 38. Mahapatra, A. (January 11 2009) Activity leads to learning, The Hindu. Tomlinson, P. (2008) Psychological theory and pedagogical effectiveness The learning promotion capableness network, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78, pp. 507-526. Univer sity of Georgia (2007) Learning and development infants birth to 12 months. Better Brains for Babies, retrieved January 15, 2009 from http//www. fcs. uga. edu/bbbgeorgia/childDev_00-12. php

Visual Arts of the World Essay Example for Free

Visual Arts of the World EssayVisual artistic productions ranged from a variety of objects. These atomic number 18 works of art that argon crafted with visual in nature such as paintings, photography, architecture, filmmaking and sculpture. Thus, these pieces of art atomic number 18 primarily meant for visual consumptions. This study will acquire on wooden sculptures belonging to two different cultures the bulol or Ifugao rice god of the Philippines and one of the early wooden sculptures of Yoruba Nigeria of Africa. The said art forms will correspondly be examined, analyzed, compared and contrasted. The formal elements or physical appearance of the work will be discussed first and second, its cultural representations and significance. According to the British Council Arts, sculpture is the art or process of creating representational or abstract forms, each in the round or in relief. It is a form of art that is being carve either on wood, ivory or any material that the arti st decide to do so. Ifugaos are inhabitants of the Central Cordillera in northern Luzon in the Philippines. Their origin is derived from the boundary Ipugo which means from the hill.According to Ifugao mythology, the name Ifugao is derived from Ipugo which refers to the rice grain given to them by their god Matungulan. Until today, this kind of rice grain is cultivated by the Ifugaos (Sianghio). On the other hand, according to The Africa Guide, Yoruba are people who kick the bucket in Southwest Nigeria and Benin. They have developed a variety of diverse artistic forms which include pottery, weaving, beadwork, metalwork, and pretend making. There are more than 401 known Yoruba gods so most of the artworks, which include sculptures, are made in order to honor the gods and ancestorsThe bulol, generally means deity, is specifically a garner idol. It is considered as an effigy of deceased ancestors (Asian Studies 63). In accordance to the C. E. Smith Museum of Anthropology, it is carv ed human figurines that is unremarkably made in pairsmale and feminineand are kept in the house or granary. Some bulols are standing while some are squatting with folded arms (Masferre and de Villa 54). It is an abstract art, according to Alfredo Evangelista of National Museum of the Philippines (1970), because the Ifugao carver expresses his feelings rather than attempts realistic representation.The deformations are results on the emphasis on the quality of other worldliness or the preternatural. The bulol is the most crucial art form because it embodies the Ifugaos most sacred traditional values (Asian Studies 62). On the contrary, the Yoruba Nigeria sculpture follows the typical form of an African sculpturecylindrical. African wooden sculptures are primarily cylindrical in appearance and are also made of wood. The statues are carved from trunks or branches (Segy 14).According to Frank Willet, the head is precise much depicted because the Yoruba believes that it is the seat of ones destiny, therefore it must be symbolically bigger and more prominent than any other demote of the body. He has also identified three characteristics of Yoruba sculpture bulging eyes, protruding lips and simplified ears which can all the way see in the chosen piece. The selected sculpture is non defined whether the art form is a female because the chosen Yoruba sculpture is naked, showing its stout breast or a male, exposing its phallus.Carving a bulol normally takes six weeks to finish and it is accompanied by rituals and dancing. The male and female bulols are carved at the same time (Masferre and de Villa 54). In contrast, the Africans believe that trees are firm of spirits so in order to pacify the spirit of the tree, a special ritual is done before the cutting of the tree. The two selected sculptures are both(prenominal) anthropomorphic in forms which mean that the works of art ascribe human characteristics. They are both made of wood.If the bulol is often placed in a granary to protect the harvest, the Yoruba sculpture is used as an adornment and indicates a social status. The chosen works of art have utilitarian and historical relationship with the culture of the carver. They are both religious symbols and are accompanied by certain rituals. If bulols are considered as ancestors whose spirits can protect the living (Alvina and Sta. Maria 199), the Yoruba sculpture is a presentment of the relationship of the African and the spirits of dead members of his family, which is extremely important in their culture.From the cultural background of bulol, it can clearly be seen that Ifugao are farmers. They live in an agricultural area where they primarily rely their lives. On the other hand, the Yoruba sculpture, as a social symbol, indicates that the owner is from a wealthy class, however, it is not clearly indicated or stated that the carver is also from a domineering class in their society, thus, the carver can come from the lower class in the socie ty. Those chosen visual arts need to be seen, perceived and judged with an open mind.They should not be anchored to the Western standard of defining what is beautiful or what is aesthetically attractive because they will by all odds fail to abide to the Western standard with regards to what is art, which is confined wherefore to fine artspaintings, sculptures of artists that appeal to the senses and emotionspieces that express the Western notion of sweetheart and portrays realistic figures especially when it comes paintings and sculptures just like how Michelangelo comes up with his David, the famous depiction of male beauty (History of Beauty).If the wooden sculptures of Yoruba and Ifugao are anchored to the Western standards and notions of art and beauty, those pieces will then categorically be labeled as primitive due to their irregular proportions and eerie appearance. Illustrations This Yoruba sculpture has originated at Yoruba Nigeria in Africa. It is an anthropomorphic fi gure and a manifestation of the nexus of the dead African family members to the living. It is a religious and status symbol. It is an early Yoruba sculpture. The artist or carver of the sculpture has not been stated exclusively definitely he belongs to the culture of Yoruba.It is 34. 3 inches or 87 cm tall and made of wood (not specified). . This bulol is one of the forms of a rice godsitting with folded arms. It is usually put in a house or in a granary for protection. It is often carve in pairsa male and a female. It has a length of 6. 5 inches, a width of 6. 5 inches and a height of 24 inches. The artist or carver is not also stated but definitely he is an Ifugao. The sculpture is made of wood (not specified).Works CitedAsian Studies. University of the Philippines Philippine Center for Advanced Studies Philippine Center for Advanced Studies, 1972.Alvina Corazon and Santa Maria Sta. Maria. Halupi. superior Publishing House, 1989. Gagelonia, Pedro A. Concise Philippine History. P hilippines Far Eastern University Consumers Cooperative Incorporation, 1970. Masferre, E. and Jill Gale de Villa. A Tribute to the Philippine Cordillera. Makati City, Philippines Brier projects, 1999. Perkins, Morgan and Howard Murphy. Anthropology of Art. Oxford Blackwell Publishing, 2006. Segy, Ladislas. African Sculpture. New York Dover, 1958. Willet, Frank. African Art An Introduction. capital of Singapore Thames and Hudson, 1971. African People and Culture. The African Guide. 02 December 2008. http//www. africaguide. com/culture/tribes/yoruba. htm. Cutting The Woodcarver. 18 April 1995. Yoruba. Conner, Michael. 02 December 2008. http//www. fa. indiana. edu/conner/yoruba/woodcarver. html History of Beauty. Answers. com. 02 December 2008. http//www. answers. com/topic/beauty Ifugao. Tripod. Sianghio, Christina. 02 December 2008. http//litera1no4. tripod. com/ifugao_frame. html. Sculpture. British Council Art. 02 December 2008. http//www. britishcouncil. org/arts-art-sculptur e. htm List of Illustrations