Introduction To Trade Union

Prologue To Trade Union As per the Central Statistics Office (CSO) there are around 535,500 representatives on the Mauritian work advertise in the primary quarter of 2012. These laborers are the human asset of our nation and they had the right to be treated as important resource. Notwithstanding, in our rewarding focused time, where the quest for benefit triumph over the human rights and opportunity of these laborers. Several laborers have nothing to do with their working conditions; many are vulnerable before the administrative level, others are threatened, or excused when their essential goal is to inclined the human privileges of opportunity of affiliation, aggregate haggling and modern majority rule government. On this premise, it has been none a happenstance to see the ascent of worker's organization developments and comprehended that these developments had been on an interminable caution and are persistently battling for their individuals to cause the human option to win before benefits. The historical backdrop of Trade Unions is a background marked by battles for more prominent social equity and against oppression, both in social orders and at the work environment. The requirement for Trade Union in our nation started with the Industrial Revolution, where the ascent of manufacturing plants and the deskilling of work prompted laborers looking for security through aggregate bartering understandings. Worker's organizations in Mauritius work inside the structure of the Industrial Relation Act 1973 (IRA). Obviously, these worker's organizations around the nation have a similar reason and destinations which is the government assistance of the laborers. Haniff Peerun the leader of MLC confederation revealed to us that: Mauritius Labor Congress being a Confederation consistently makes sure that all work laws are regarded and that all specialists rights are regarded. On a similar premise, Mr X pioneer of the National Trade Union Congress disclosed to us that; the job of his association is to help advance and ensure the privileges of laborers in the nation. Worker's guilds give representatives various significant benefits that they would not in any case have as people. This is the motivation behind why worker's organizations need to protect that their conclusions to guard their works coordinate the endeavors of supervisors hoping to destabilize the representatives. Furthermore, mental agreement and managers representatives relationship is additionally thought about, by aiding in the progression of correspondence just as renegotiation through aggregate dealing. 1.2 Aims and goals This examination will concentrate on the job and obligations of Trade Union developments in our nation and the degree to which they are proficient and viable in both people in general and private segment. The four explicit destinations of this examination are: Assess the impression of helpfulness of worker's organizations just as its availability in private part just as open division. Surveying the representatives expectation to depend on Trade Unions and measure the check of fulfillment in a Unions part viewpoint Explore the techniques utilized by the Trade Union development to haggle better working conditions, for exchange, administration and making sure about monetary advantages. Discovering how the Trade Union arrangement with certain emergency that emerges in the work environment and the solid association of the Trade Unions for their individuals 1.3 Background of study Mauritian improvement vows to advance ways of life for its populace by realizing a more prominent profitability through the dissemination of mechanical development just as refreshed techniques in abusing hardware and the HR, predominant specialization, upgraded access to acknowledge and capital just as less expensive products and ventures. Simultaneously, approaches, laws and acts were changed for the government assistance of the resident, for example the Industrial Relation Act 1973 or business rights act 2008. Anyway with the sole vision of making the nation a world-wise serious one, little significance is given to the solid execution of those laws every day. On that premise, Trade Union developments were propelled in Mauritius, in order to voice out the laborers rights. The main objective of the task is to recognize the viability of the jobs and duties of worker's organizations in our Mauritian framework. It quickly looks at the advancement of these developments in the nation, by backpedaling on their very beginning. Furthermore, a feature of the intercession of the Trade Unions in our different segments and how their solid activities add to their individuals. The record will likewise edify the capacities and significance of worker's guild in the Mauritian setting just as giving motivations to enlist as a Trade Union part. Examining the various difficulties face by the Trade Unions, for example, the ongoing PRB issue, Labor laws, fair work, day to day environment among others, in the perspective of the worker's guilds, league and confederation.Comparing the old administrative style to the upgraded one, the paper will likewise welcome accentuation on why the prevalence of Trade Union has reduced. A review of things to come job of worker's organizatio n will be examined so as to check whether these developments will oppose the significant changes of globalization just as budgetary emergency. As a gathering of understudies, we actualized a top-down, quantitative way to deal with our exploration, which permitted us to investigate the different jobs of worker's guilds in Mauritius, as this was viewed as the most suitable strategy for contemplating the subject; we assessed the progressive system of worker's guild; Confederation, alliance lastly Trade Unions. We distinguished the Mauritius Labor Congress as the fundamental Confederation, the National Trade Union Congress and the Mauritius worker's guild work as league and different other worker's organizations which are partnered to the alliance. Sticking to the idea of meetings and reviews, our perceptions were pooled to give a more extensive and more exact portrayal than that gave by a sole examination method. Section 2: Roles and Responsibilities of Trade Union 2.1 Definition of Trade Union Worker's organization is characterized in the Employment Relations Act 2008 as a relationship of people, regardless of whether enlisted or not, having as one of its articles the guideline of business relations among laborers and bosses The Trade Union or Labor Union development is a constant and intentional affiliation whose participation includes pay workers, representatives and association pioneers. Those individuals have reinforced together spurred by a basic witticism Unity makes quality. Laborers will in this way use worker's guilds as their delegate voice when managing bosses or on the leading group of headings. Freely, the laborers don't bear the ability to resist the top administration. In this manner they assembled and try to establish their terms and states of jobs. At the point when they understood that haggling as an individual, the administrator would be all the more remarkable, because of the way that an individual would not make any difference as much a gathering in respect of running an association. As per Cunnison, Trade Union is a monopolistic blend of workers who remain to the businesses in a connection of reliance for the offer of their work and in any event, for the creation, and that the broadly useful of the relationship taking into account that reliance is to reinforce their capacity to deal with the businesses The principle job of worker's guild is to guarantee the government assistance of its individuals, for example, defending the interests of its individuals, ensuring the unwavering quality of its exchange, accomplishing higher wages by making sure about monetary advantages. It additionally upgrades the working conditions at the working environment and ensures an employer stability while securing individuals against unjustifiable excusal at working environment. Through its initiative, worker's guild participates in aggregate dealing, whereby work contracts are haggled with the businesses. Additionally it goes about as an enlisting supervisor, the Union chiefs meddle with the enrollment and determination of the organization, its will likely augment the quantity of representatives a business can employ. 2.2 Hierarchy of Trade Unions There is a chain of command in Unions, we had recognized; the confederation, the organizations and the worker's guilds. As to confederation, there are one fundamental which is Mauritius Labor Congress and it is associated to the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU).In the classification of league there are; National Trade Union Confederation (NTUC) which is partnered with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) and the Mauritius Trade Union Congress (MTUC). At long last, the worker's guilds which are subsidiary to the NTUC; The Federation of Civil Service Unions, Federation of Progressive Unions, Federation des Travailleurs Unis, Confederation Mauriciennes des Travailleurs, General Workers Federation and Federation of Free Workers. Confederation: The Mauritius Labor Congress The MLC is the biggest enrolled and perceived focal association of laborers in the nation. It was made in 1963 from a merger of the Mauritius Trade Union Congress and the Mauritius Confederation of Free Trade Unions. It speaks to more than 45,000 individuals through its 56 partners, which straightforwardly and in a roundabout way covers 125 individual worker's organizations. The MLC was the remarkable national confederation associated with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) speaking to laborers from for all intents and purposes all divisions, for example, Sugar Industry, Civil/Public Service, Para-statal Bodies, Aviation, Docks, Banking, Insurance, Tea, Transport, Hotel and Tourism, EPZ, Local Authorities and the private area. We had a meeting with Mr Haniff Peerun, the leader of the confederation who revealed to us that the vision of the association was to safeguard the privileges of laborers on the work showcase. As per him, the point and targets of his worker's guild were: Satisfactory pay remuneration to be paid to laborers Make proposition to the administration on spending plan To prepare the worker's organization individuals and subsidiaries To speak loudly at whatever point the privileges of laborers and buyers are in question. Alliance: The National Trade Un

The Grapes Of Wrath Essays (2092 words) - U.S. Route 66, Dust Bowl

The Grapes of Wrath The Grapes of Wrath The Grapes of Wrath is an enlightening novel which manages the battle for endurance of a vagrant group of ranchers in the western United States. The book opens with a story part portraying Oklahoma, and the general setting. It sets the state of mind of a territory which has been violated by unforgiving climate. The sun flared down on the developing corn for quite a while until a line of earthy colored spread along the edge of each green pike. The outside of the earth crusted, a slender hard covering, and as the sky got pale, so the earth got pale, pink in the red nation, and white in the dark nation. (Steinbeck pg.3) Steinbeck, in a definite design depicted the zone in extraordinary detail. Not exclusively was the zone blasted by a dry spell and extraordinary temperatures, however to add to the troubles, the families of the region were shelled by high breezes and residue storms which flooded their homes, harvests, and good. The thought was clarified, very early, that the cultivating fields of Oklahoma were a savage and troublesome spot for a family to get by. The peruser is first acquainted with a character by the name of Tom Joad, a man who has been discharged right on time from the prison on parole in the wake of serving four years of his multi year sentence. Tom, once discharged, starts the excursion back home to his family on their forty section of land cultivating home. Tom, through the guide of a supportive truck driver, is given a ride to the general zone of his home. It is fascinating to perceive how Tom oversees to hitch a ride with the truck driver, who under typical conditions, would not have given any rides to drifters, essentially because of a sticker on his taxi which peruses No Riders. Tom be that as it may, through clever thinking abilities, can get what he needs. Would you be able to give me a lift sir, said Tom. Didn't you see the No Riders sticker on the breeze shield?,the driver announced. Of course, I seen it. Be that as it may, now and then a person will be a decent fellow regardless of whether some rich b%#@rd makes him convey a sticker.(Steinbeck 11) Technically, if the driver can't, he would not be a decent fellow , furthermore, in the event that he took the drifter, he would be a decent fellow, and would demonstrate that he was not one whom a rich manager could kick around. Through his activities in the initial scenes, we become familiar with a tad about Tom Joad, and what he resembles as an individual. When Tom is dropped off, he gets together with an old priest named Jim Casey. The peruser immediately learns of Jim's inward battle before he joins Tom in going with him back to his home. In the mean time, the Joad's (sharecroppers) were being expelled from their home by the proprietor of the land, and were making arrangements for an outing to move in with Uncle Tom. Upon the appearance of Tom and Jim, they are brisk to find, through the information on Muley, an old companion of Tom, that his family has just left, however couldn't contact him to let him recognize what was befalling them. Tom and Jim inevitably get up to speed to the family at Uncle Tom's lodge and are welcomed with great affection. Before long their appearance, the family is by and by drove out. Subsequent to buying a truck, the family sets out toward California in the inquiry of a home and work, however, not without a battle with Grandpa who doesn't wish to leave. The family is compelled to sedate him to bring him along, just for him to later pass on en route of a monstrous stroke. Casey chooses to join the family while as yet battling with his inner clash. As the outing protracts, the family gets together with the Mr. furthermore, Mrs. Wilson one night at the edge of the street. The two families become a close acquaintence with one another and proceed with the excursion west together. The two families keep on voyaging west together until they are isolated when Mrs. Wilson turns out to be lethally sick, which powers the Wilsons to remain behind. The battle of the Joad's is turning out to be increasingly clear presently as they experience the real factors of life. Pitiless cops, shrewd sales reps, and uninformed individuals all add to the all out picture and battle the family is suffering, and bring the truth of the whole circumstance to a front. Grandmother bites the dust, just as Rose of Sharon's child which just includes to the difficulty. Connie in the long run exits

Health Facts and Statistics About Cigarette Smoking

Health Facts and Statistics About Cigarette Smoking Addiction Nicotine Use Smoking-Related Diseases Print Important Statistics About Cigarette Smoking By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on August 05, 2016 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD Updated on January 23, 2020 Peter Dazeley/Photographers Choice/Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use Smoking-Related Diseases After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery As of December 20, 2019, the new legal age limit is 21 years old for purchasing cigarettes, cigars, or any other tobacco products in the U.S. We all know that smoking cigarettes is horribly destructive and in many  cases, deadly, killing half of all people who dont quit. Over 7,000 chemicals have been identified in cigarettes and cigarette smoke to date, 93 of which are harmful or potentially harmful, and more than 70 of which can cause cancer.?? These  ingredients and additives  affect everything from the internal functioning of your organs to the efficiency of your bodys immune system. Some of the facts and statistics about smoking may surprise you.   Toxic Ingredients in Cigarette Smoke The chemicals in cigarette smoke are inhaled into the lungs and from there travel throughout the body, causing damage: Nicotine reaches the brain in seven to 10 seconds after smoke is inhaled. Nicotine has been found in every part of a smokers body, including breast milk. Its also as addictive as heroin.??Carbon monoxide, which is present in cigarette smoke, binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, preventing these cells from carrying all of the oxygen they normally would. This can lead to symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning.Cancer-causing agents (carcinogens) in tobacco smoke damage important genes that control the growth of cells, causing them to grow abnormally or to reproduce too rapidly. More than 70 such cancer-causing chemicals have been identified in cigarette smoke to date.Smoking affects how the immune system functions by causing oxidative stress. This, in turn, causes DNA mutation, setting the stage for cancer and heart disease. Oxidative stress is also thought to be a contributor to the aging process, as smokers have fewer antioxidantsâ€"natures way of combating the damage oxidative stre ss causes to the bodys cellsâ€"in their blood than non-smokers.Smoking is associated with higher levels of chronic inflammation,?? another damaging process that may result in oxidative stress.Cigarette smoke contains radioactive heavy metals that stick to the tar that collects in the lungs of smokers. Over time, this builds up and is believed to be one of the risk factors for lung cancer in smokers.?? Increased Health Risks Smokers face a substantial increase in their risk for a number of diseases over those who dont smoke:Coronary heart disease: 2 to 4 timesStroke: 2 to 4 timesLung cancer risk for men: 25 timesLung cancer risk for women: 25.7 timesChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related death: 12 to 13 times The Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation Cigarette Smoking and Death Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the world today. Here are the statistics on smoking cigarettes and the number of deaths smoking causes:?? In the U.S., cigarette smoking accounts for approximately 480,000 deaths a year. Globally, nearly 6 million people die from tobacco use annually, and if current trends continue, that number is expected to increase to eight million by the year 2030.If no one smoked, cancer deaths in the U.S. would decrease by one-third.Lung cancer is largely a smokers disease; 90% of men and 80% of women who succumb to lung cancer smoked.COPD-related deaths are also primarily caused by smoking, with 90% of these deaths traced back to cigarettes.Smokers die 10 years sooner than non-smokers, on average.More than 41,000 die per year from exposure to secondhand smoke. Tobacco use is responsible for more deaths each year in the U.S. than all of the following combined: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), motor vehicle injuries, alcohol use, and illegal drug use.?? Reasons Why You Should Consider Quitting Smoking

Crows, Ravens and Jays - Corvidae - The Animal Encyclopedia

Crows, ravens and jays (Corvidae) are a group of perching birds that also includes jackdaws, rooks, magpies, nutcrackers, choughs and treepies. In total, there are more than 120 species that belong to the crow family. Crows, ravens and jays are medium to large birds. The group includes the largest members of the perching birds. Many crows, ravens and jays have large wingspans. They have a robust body, strong feet and sturdy bills. Their nares (nasal openings) are fringed by bristle-like feathers known as rictal bristles. In temperate areas, most members of the group are partly or entirely black, blue, iridescent blue or iridescent purple. Some species, such as the magpies and jays, are more varied in color. They might have plumage with a mixture of black, white, grey and blue markings. Members of this group of birds are thought to be highly intelligent, not just among birds but among all animals. Crows and rooks have demonstrated tool making abilities while European magpies have exhibited self-awareness in mirror tests. Many members of the crow family establish and protect territories either during the breeding season or throughout the year. When threatened, some corvids can defend their offspring or territories aggressively and are known to attack large animals such as other birds, dogs or cats. Many species of corvids form social groups and hierarchies for foraging and breeding. Many species of corvids have flourished in human environments. But while such species have enjoyed healthy populations, a few corvids have experienced declines. Examples of threatened members of the crow family include the Florida scrub jay, the Mariana crow and the New Zealand raven. Crows and their relatives form strong pair bonds and in some species this association is life-long. In most species, nests are constructed in trees or on rock ledges. Nests are built using twigs, grass and other plant materials. Females lay between 3 and 10 eggs and young fledge after about 10 days. The largest member of the crow family is the common raven which grows to more than 26 inches in length and weighs 3 pounds. The smallest member of the crow family is the dwarf jay which grows to about 8 inches and weighs little more than an ounce. Crows, ravens and jays have a nearly-worldwide distribution. They are absent from only the southern tip of South America and the polar regions. The group is most diverse in tropical regions of Central America, South America, Asia and Europe. Most members of the crow family do not migrate although when food shortages occur, populations do relocate. Classification Animals Chordates Birds Perching Birds Crows, Ravens and Jays The crows, ravens and jays are divided into about a dozen subgroups, some of which include New World jays, grey jays, azure-winged magpies, Holarctic magpies, Stresemanns bushcrow, piapiac, true crows, nutcrackers, Old World jays, Oriental magpies, treepies and choughs. The crow family is thought to have originated in Australia and spread throughout the world. The closest relatives of the crows, ravens and jays are thought to be the birds of paradise and shrikes. There remains considerable ambiguity regarding the exact lineages and their relationships within the crow family. The earliest members of the crow family date back about 17 million years ago to the middle Miocene. Known fossils include Miocorvus, Miocitta, Miopica and Henocitta. Crows, ravens and jays feed a variety of foods including small mammals, birds, invertebrates as well as fruits, seeds and berries. Some members of the crow family feed on insects such as grasshoppers while others feed on carrion.

Sigmund Freud s Psychoanalysis Theory - 2380 Words

Contemporaries of Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory Kevin Stout Florida Institute of Technology Abstract Sigmund Freud created psychoanalysis, a system through which an expert unloads oblivious clashes in light of the free affiliations, dreams and dreams of the patient. Psychoanalytic hypothesis is a strategy for exploring and treating identity issue and is utilized as a part of psychotherapy. Included in this hypothesis is the way to go that things that happen to individuals amid adolescence can add to the way they later capacity as grown-ups (Gay, 1998). Freud s psychodynamic methodology has prompted numerous insightful contemporaries and their theories that show an evolution of Freud’s psychoanalysis. This paper will show you some of the contemporaries and their theories that were influenced by Freud. Some of these theories extend Freud’s theory, and some sort of disagree with his thinking. However, it is obvious that Freud made a mark on these psychologists, and proved to be a big influence in the field of psychology. Contemporaries of Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory Sigmund Freud created psychoanalysis, a system through which an expert unloads oblivious clashes in light of the free affiliations, dreams and dreams of the patient. Psychoanalytic hypothesis is a strategy for exploring and treating identity issue and is utilized as a part of psychotherapy. Included in this hypothesis is the way to goShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychoanalysis2367 Words   |  10 Pages Sigmund Freud created psychoanalysis, a system through which an expert unloads oblivious clashes in light of the free affiliations, dreams and dreams of the patient. Psychoanalytic hypothesis is a strategy for exploring and treating identity issue and is utilized as a part of psychotherapy. Included in this hypothesis is the way to go that things that happen to individuals amid adolescence can add to the way they later capacity as grown-ups (Gay, 1998). Freud s psychodynamic methodology has promptedRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychoanalysis1339 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud Biographic Description of Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856 in Freiberg (currently known as Czech Republic). Freud is best known as the founder of psychoanalysis, which entails a scientific analysis of unpacking unconscious conflicts based on free associations, fantasies, and dreams of the patient. He was among the greatest psychologists of the 20th century, and his legacy lasts up to now. While young (4 years old), his family relocated to Vienna where he lived andRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychoanalysis1413 Words   |  6 PagesEver since Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis theory, its applicability has been extended beyond therapy to literature. 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In Freud s lifetime, he grew to be a very influential person of the twentieth century. The western society still uses words that he introduced in his time, some are libido, repression, denial, and neurotic. He was the founding father of the theory of psychoanalysis, which explains humanRead MoreThe Power Of Sigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychoanalysis1440 Words   |  6 PagesThe power of Sigmund Freud’s theory Sigmund Freud was a great philosopher who predicted and came up with theories that are widely used in todays society. He is often referred to the father of psychoanalysis as he was one of the first people to analyze the human mind. He separated the human mind into three parts which help further explain the theory of psychoanalysis. The first part is known as the id, it is the part of the mind that deals with instincts. It is the unconscious part of the mindRead MoreHistorical Background Of Sigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychoanalysis774 Words   |  4 PagesHistorical Background Sigmund Freud dedicated the majority of his time on this earth to mainly covering his theory of psychoanalysis. He did not however have a lot of patience from contemporaries who diverged from his psychoanalytic principles. He attempted to keep control over the movement by expelling those who dared to disagree. Carl Jung and Alfred Alder, for example, worked closely with Freud, but each founded his own therapeutic school after repeated disagreements with Freud on theoretical andRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychoanalysis On The Unconscious Phases Of Personality Development1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe theory of Psychoanalysis In the early 1800s, Psychologist and researchers were fervent in postulating and hypothesizing. Searching earnestly for answers to the many questions that were prevalent in those days. The theory of Psychoanalysis was one of such theory that was founded. Psychoanalysis emphases on the unconscious phases of personality development. The main tenets of this theory are characterized into four subsections. Firstly, it states that early childhood experiences are important inRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1283 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud (1856-1939), is a pioneer in the field of psychology in various ways. His dedication to his field helped shape the minds of many nineteen-century contemporary schools of thought. Most notably, Freud’s work in psychoanalytic theory, according to Tan (2011) earned him the title of, â€Å"father of psychoanalysis† (p. 322). Moreover, Tan Taykeyesu (2011) report that Freud’s genius is not just in psychoanalysis, but also when we â€Å"think Oedipus complex, infantile sexuality, and repression†

Resotech Inc. Free Essays

Resotech Inc. Time is a critical strategic challenge. For example, assume you are a customer being interested in a particular product. We will write a custom essay sample on Resotech Inc. or any similar topic only for you Order Now This product is very expensive and long lasting. It’s capacity is more than you need. Once you’ve bought it, you can use it for decades. Even product improvements and new versions would only rarely make you buying a new one, simply because they’re incredible expensive. A secondary market to sell the product might exist, but anyway you’d have to sell it at a discount due to technology improvements. The main question for you as a consumer is the following: How many products do you buy? The answer is simple: One. What does that mean for companies offering solely such a product? If a customer buys a particular product only once and stays with it, only one company can serve this customer. The company, that first sells to him or her, wins. The competitors have no chance to convince the customer to switch or to buy the next time from them, since there is no next time. This reveals our strategic challenge: Time. If a company is the first launching a product, it has a first-mover-advantage. If a company is second, a part of the market is already served, hence, the total demand and the maximum revenues decreased. How can companies be successful in such an environment? There’s only one way: Be the first! Either because there’s no follower (you’re a monopolist), or because you launch the product earlier than your competitors do. This implies for any company that whatever it does, it must ensure that the product is launched before the competitors launch their products (staying out of the market is no option since it’s the company’s only product). This brings us to the question of available resources. How many resources you have to invest to be the first mainly depends on how many resources your competitor’s are investing. Moreover, if they suddenly increase their investments trying to outpace you, you should be able to react. What does that mean for Resotech Inc.? The company is known for its amazing quality. The products are of superior technology and benefit from a â€Å"Rolls-Royce† image. This implies that a lot of time must be spent on RD for developing a mobile scanner of such a quality. Delivery delays are possible, or even probable, as it were the case for the RS-1000. Moreover, the development might also lead to a delay of the RS-2000 due to limited RD resources. And what if the competitors enter the market as well? One can argue that Resotech might be able to discourage other companies to enter the mobile market once they committed themselves. However, this is unlikely for two reasons: First, Resotech is a relatively small company. Larger companies such as GE, Siemens, and Picker will probably have a shorter product development cycles due to their huge financial reserves and experience. Second, Resotech aims for high quality products. Competitors are able to produce less advanced scanners and enter the market first. In contrast, this is no option for Resotech. Moreover, Resotech would have to acquire new personnel first. To summarize, Resotech could sell 25 units. However, there’s a risk that Resotech is not able to stick to its delivery schedule, since the development of a mobile product is â€Å"not a piece of cake†. This may result in penalties. Additionally, if we try to stick to the schedule with a less advanced product, we will damage our image as quality leader. Moreover, what if 25 units are not enough to break even and another competitor has already entered the market? If Resotech accepts the offer, it won’t have any spare resources to accelerate RD to outpace potential entrants. On top of that, we put the RS-2000 at a risk of being launched too late, since we might face a shortage of RD capacity for both products. Therefore, from a time point of view, I recommend to decline the offer. Thereby we can focus on the RS-2000 and launch it earlier. Declining would be less risky, but maybe less profitable. It’s the safe way. How to cite Resotech Inc., Essay examples

The People Of The Kalahari Desert Essays - San People, Ergs

The People of the Kalahari Desert Part One Introduction, Location and Environment The people of the Kalahari desert are extraordinary people. For centuries their hunting and food gathering techniques have enabled them to survive in the difficult environment of the dry, hot and barren Kalahari desert. They are known as the Bushmen. Or the Kung or the Gikwe since Bushmen is rather discriminating because the "Bushmen" live among shrubs and trees and sand and such. The people of Kalahari Desert live in a dry bush desert in South-West Africa and western Bechuanaland, bordered in the North by Lake Ngami and the Okovngo River in the South by the Orange river and west by the Damera Hills. The Kalahari is there all low with sand dunes and great plains. A hostile country of thirst and heat. A country with scorpions, thorny bushes and of course sand as far as the eye can see and perpetual dust. In the hot months it the temperature goes up to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. In the months of winter, which are June and July, the winds from the Antarctic cold blow at night. But during the day it eventually rises up to around 80 degrees Fahrenheit and drops down in the evening. There are only three months of winter and these begin in December and in March the drought season starts and by August all the water holes that were made during the rainy season are dried up. It is not dead, the desert. There are boabab trees that give pear shaped fruits, flowers, and blossoms resembling gardenias. There are tall grasses. There are bushes flowering either red, white or violet flowers, tsama melons which very much look like watermelons and are the size of a small cantaloupe. There are also mogongo nuts that are very high in protein. When in season one person can eat as many as 400 nuts. These people who inhabit the dry, barren Kalahari have a hard life, so it seems... But, really, do they? Part two Food Resources and Technology Living in the hot sandy Kalahari might seem very difficult, even impossible. But if one knows the secrets of the desert. The desert will give you a living. The people of the Kalahari know these secrets. No fancy machinery necessary. No modern technology needed. Only simple handmade tools and weapons such as digging sticks, little axes, bows and arrows, small traps or snares, knives. Not to mention their senses and their wits. They poison the arrows so the game will die faster when hit. The poison is extracted from a certain grub. Great hunters know where the best place to shoot an animal so the poison will work best. Great hunters also know how to make the finest arrows. They also know all the habits of all the animals from the mice to the antelopes, they know what time of day that is best for hunting, too. There are quite a few food resources such as tsama melons, mongongo nuts, roots, berries, wildebeests, kudu, gemsbok, antelopes, steenbok, porcupines, elands, small animals like the mongoose and the chicken fowl, birds- even babies-, wild boars as well as honey from the bees. And of course there are a couple of temporary and permanent water holes around. They use digging sticks to dig up roots, they gather tsama melons, mongongo nuts, and berries. They hunt game with bows and arrows and spears on foot. They cook mongongo nuts in hot ashes, eat the entire animal from the hide-which they work into leather sometimes- to the marrow inside the bones. Of course this might seem like a lot a meat since the game is plentiful but really 80 percent of their diet is vegetables. Sometimes when cooking meat they cook it in the rind of the tsama melon with the liquid still inside and it makes a stew. The people are smart and know their land very well. Therefore as long as they know the secrets the hot desert holds, the desert will give them a living and they'll never go hungry. Part three Social System and Leisure The size of the groups vary from 20 to 100 people or even 200 people per group. The groups have to be small or else moving from place to place will be extremely difficult. The roll of a man is to hunt and gather honey from the bees. The roll of the woman is to gather and dig for roots and taste them to see

Dead Metaphor Definition and Examples

Dead Metaphor Definition and Examples A dead metaphor is traditionally defined as a  figure of speech that has lost its force and imaginative effectiveness through frequent use. Also known as a  frozen metaphor or a historical metaphor. Contrast with creative metaphor. Over the past several decades, cognitive linguists have criticized the dead metaphor theory- the view that a conventional metaphor is dead and no longer influences thought: The mistake derives from a basic confusion: it assumes that those things in our cognition that are most alive and most active are those that are conscious. On the contrary, those that are most alive and most deeply entrenched, efficient, and powerful are those that are so automatic as to be unconscious and effortless. (G. Lakoff and M. Turner, Philosophy in the Flesh. Basic Books, 1989) As  I.A. Richards said back in 1936: This favorite old distinction between dead and living metaphors (itself a two-fold metaphor) needs a drastic re-examination (The Philosophy of Rhetoric) Examples and Observations Kansas City is oven hot, dead metaphor or no dead metaphor. (Zadie Smith, On the Road: American Writers and Their Hair, July 2001)An example of a dead metaphor would be the body of an essay. In this example, body was initially an expression that drew on the metaphorical image of human anatomy applied to the subject matter in question. As a dead metaphor, body of an essay literally means the main part of an essay, and no longer suggests anything new that might be suggested by an anatomical referent. In that sense, body of an essay is no longer a metaphor, but merely a literal statement of fact, or a dead metaphor. (Michael P. Marks, The Prison as Metaphor. Peter Lang, 2004)Many venerable metaphors have been literalized into everyday items of language: a clock has a face (unlike human or animal face), and on that face are hands (unlike biological hands); only in terms of clocks can hands be located on a face. . . . The deadness of a metaphor and its status as a clichà © are relative m atters. Hearing for the first time that life is no bed of roses, someone might be swept away by its aptness and vigor. (Tom McArthur, Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 1992) [A] so-called dead metaphor is not a metaphor at all, but merely an expression that no longer has a pregnant metaphorical use. (Max Black, More About Metaphor. Metaphor and Thought, 2nd ed., ed. by Andrew Ortony. Cambridge University Press, 1993) It's Alive! The dead metaphor account misses an important point: namely, that what is deeply entrenched, hardly noticed, and thus effortlessly used is most active in our thought. The metaphors . . . may be highly conventional and effortlessly used, but this does not mean that they have lost their vigor in thought and that they are dead. On the contrary, they are alive in the most important sense- they govern our thought- they are metaphors we live by. (Zoltn Kà ¶vecses, Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2002) Two Kinds of Death The expression dead metaphor- itself metaphorical- can be understood in at least two ways. On the one hand, a dead metaphor may be like a dead issue or a dead parrot; dead issues are not issues, dead parrots, as we all know, are not parrots. On this construal, a dead metaphor is simply not a metaphor. On the other hand, a dead metaphor may be more like a dead key on a piano; dead keys are still keys, albeit weak or dull, and so perhaps a dead metaphor, even if it lacks vivacity, is metaphor nonetheless. (Samuel Guttenplan, Objects of Metaphor. Oxford University Press, 2005) The Etymological Fallacy To suggest that words always carry with them something of what may have been an original metaphoric sense is not only a form of etymological fallacy; it is a remnant of that proper meaning superstition which I.A. Richards so effectively critiques. Because a term is used which was originally metaphorical, that is, which came from one domain of experience to define another, one cannot conclude that it necessarily continues to bring with it the associations which it had in that other domain. If it is a truly dead metaphor, it will not. (Gregory W. Dawes, The Body in Question: Metaphor and Meaning in the Interpretation of Ephesians 5:21-33. Brill, 1998)

Daughter Cells and Chromosome Number in Mitosis and Meiosis

Daughter Cells and Chromosome Number in Mitosis and Meiosis Daughter cells are cells that result from the division of a single parent cell. They are produced by the division processes of mitosis and meiosis. Cell division is the reproductive mechanism whereby living organisms grow, develop, and produce offspring. At the completion of the mitotic cell cycle, a single cell divides forming two daughter cells. A parent cell undergoing meiosis produces four daughter cells. While mitosis occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, meiosis occurs in eukaryotic animal cells, plant cells, and fungi. Daughter Cells in Mitosis Mitosis is the stage of the cell cycle that involves the division of the cell nucleus and the separation of chromosomes. The division process is not complete until after cytokinesis, when the cytoplasm is divided and two distinct daughter cells are formed. Prior to mitosis, the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and increasing its mass and organelle numbers. Chromosome movement occurs in the different phases of mitosis: ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase During these phases, chromosomes are separated, moved to opposite poles of the cell, and contained within newly formed nuclei. At the end of the division process, duplicated chromosomes are divided equally between two cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical diploid cells that have the same chromosome number and chromosome type. Somatic cells are examples of cells that divide by mitosis. Somatic cells consist of all body cell types, excluding sex cells. The somatic cell chromosome number in humans is 46, while the chromosome number for sex cells is 23. Daughter Cells in Meiosis In organisms that are capable of sexual reproduction, daughter cells are produced by meiosis. Meiosis is a two part division process that produces gametes. The dividing cell goes through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase twice. At the end of meiosis and cytokinesis, four haploid cells are produced from a single diploid cell. These haploid daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell and are not genetically identical to the parent cell. In sexual reproduction, haploid gametes unite in fertilization and become a diploid zygote. The zygote continues to divide by mitosis and develops into a fully functioning new individual. Daughter Cells and Chromosome Movement How do daughter cells end up with the appropriate number of chromosomes after cell division? The answer to this question involves the spindle apparatus. The spindle apparatus consists of microtubules and proteins that manipulate chromosomes during cell division. Spindle fibers attach to replicated chromosomes, moving and separating them when appropriate. The mitotic and meiotic spindles move chromosomes to opposite cell poles, ensuring that each daughter cell gets the correct number of chromosomes. The spindle also determines the location of the metaphase plate. This centrally localized site becomes the plane on which the cell eventually divides. Daughter Cells and Cytokinesis The final step in the process of cell division occurs in cytokinesis. This process begins during anaphase and ends after telophase in mitosis. In cytokinesis, the dividing cell is split into two daughter cells with the help of the spindle apparatus. Animal Cells In animal cells, the spindle apparatus determines the location of an important structure in the cell division process called the contractile ring. The contractile ring is formed from actin microtubule filaments and proteins, including the motor protein myosin. Myosin contracts the ring of actin filaments forming a deep groove called a cleavage furrow. As the contractile ring continues to contract, it divides the cytoplasm and pinches the cell in two along the cleavage furrow. Plant Cells Plant cells do not contain asters, star-shaped spindle apparatus microtubules, which help determine the site of the cleavage furrow in animal cells. In fact, no cleavage furrow is formed in plant cell cytokinesis. Instead, daughter cells are separated by a cell plate formed by vesicles that are released from Golgi apparatus organelles. The cell plate expands laterally and fuses with the plant cell wall forming a partition between the newly divided daughter cells. As the cell plate matures, it eventually develops into a cell wall. Daughter Chromosomes The chromosomes within daughter cells are termed daughter chromosomes. Daughter chromosomes result from the separation of sister chromatids occuring in anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis. Daughter chromosomes develop from the replication of single-stranded chromosomes during the synthesis phase (S phase) of the cell cycle. Following DNA replication, the single-stranded chromosomes become double-stranded chromosomes held together at a region called the centromere. Double-stranded chromosomes are known as sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are eventually separated during the division process and equally distributed among newly formed daughter cells. Each separated chromatid is known as a daughter chromosome. Daughter Cells and Cancer Mitotic cell division is strictly regulated by cells to ensure that any errors are corrected and that cells divide properly with the correct number of chromosomes. Should mistakes occur in cell error checking systems, the resulting daughter cells may divide unevenly. While normal cells produce two daughter cells by mitotic division, cancer cells are distinguished for their ability to produce more than two daughter cells. Three or more daughter cells may develop from dividing cancer cells and these cells are produced at a faster rate than normal cells. Due to the irregular division of cancer cells, daughter cells may also end up with too many or not enough chromosomes. Cancer cells often develop as a result of mutations in genes that control normal cell growth or that function to suppress cancer cell formation. These cells grow uncontrollably, exhausting the nutrients in the surrounding area. Some cancer cells even travel to other locations in the body via the circulatory system or lymphatic system.

Drawing on a discussion of major theoretical perspectives in Essay

Drawing on a discussion of major theoretical perspectives in philisophy, and developing your own philosophical arguments, critic - Essay Example In undertaking this task, the writer is aware that one cannot fully encapsulate in one setting the entirety of the notion of sports, however, it hopes that as the paper continues some of the vagueness that some of the attributes inhering the concept may be clarified and establish a clearer notion of sports. SPORTS: WHAT IS IT? Morgan (1976) has looked into the discussion between Huizinga and Gerber regarding the notion of play, which , in turn paves for the possibility for the ontology of ports. Huizinga looks into sports as play (Morgan, 1976). In this signification, one can see the equivalence that is juxtaposed between sports and play. According to Morgan (1976), for Huizing ,play is â€Å"an irreducible facet of life whose meaning resides within itself and is not, therefore, contingent on any end it is instrumentally employed, quite incidentally and perhaps inauthentically, to bring about† (p. 25). This whole concept offers the supposition that play is something that is â €Å"non-real† and â€Å"non serious†, a â€Å"free activity standing quite consciously outside ordinary life. If this kind of reasoning is pursued and associated with sports considering that there is a presupposition that Huizinga is looking at sports a play, it opens the notion that sport ahs intrinsic value that is or used not because of any extenuating factors that influence the players, but it is engaged in for its own sake. At this point Gerber, argued that there is seeming misunderstanding of the concept of ‘to be’ in Huizinga’s concept of ‘play is nonreal’ (Morgan,1976). She maintains that there is no ontological impossibility in assuming that play is non real since how can a real person be in play and yet at the same time maintain there is ‘non realness’ in the experience. Morgan (1976) untangling g the dilemma, proposes the position that the term ‘to be’ in the statement â€Å"play is non real† is to be understood as not referring to existential ‘is’, but should be understood in the context of the Platonic ‘to be’ which, is a signifier for differentiation and variation but not necessarily referring to existence. This means that the ‘to be’ is not an existential is which denotes the notion that there is no question pertaining to the idea of realness in connection with existing. This position is further supported by the Heideggerian distinction between the ontic and ontology . as a point of clarification, ontic is knowledge base on the actual experience whereas the Heideggerian ontology refers to a prior experience of the phenomenon that allows for the formulation of the criterion that enables one to understand the events not because one has experienced, but because one has extracted from the categories, which makes the phenomenon what it is, and in this sense the phenomenon is play. In this regard, Morgan(1976) has presupposed that Hu izinga has misappropriated the terms ‘non real’ when associated with play in the context that it is justified on the premise of the Heidegerrian ontic sense, yet it s is seeks to provide a way to come out with the ontological validity for the concept of play. Gerber has clearly noted this in the counter argument against Huizinga when she

Trip to the Museum of Brands Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trip to the Museum of Brands - Essay Example I will concisely examine the past and current campaigns of Coca-Cola in order to reinforce its connection with its brand communication strategy. Given the massive popularity and influence of Coca-Cola, it can be claimed that the brand ultimately stands for fun, freedom and refreshment. Its focus on imparting the benefits of strong familial bond, as well as the advantages of having genuine social relationships have elevated the value of the brand from mere functional to emotional. Drinking Coke does not only mean consuming a beverage, but also adhering to what the brand stands for. Firstly, Coke’s trademark cursive script logo was in 1886 by Frank M. Robinson. As later on claimed by Robinson, the use of two Cs in the logo will help the product stand out from its competition. Since the same logo has remained for the past 120 years, it is estimated to cost $67 billion. Introduction Visiting the Museum of Brands has truly helped me understand the role of branding in not only furthering business growth, but also in influencing people’s lives. For this paper, I would like to critically analyze Coca-Cola as a brand. In this regard, I shall first provide a brief background on what I deem the overall branding strategy of Coca-Cola is, To provide a short outline of this report, I wish to start with a brief review of what branding is and how it relates to owning a specific image in the consumer’s minds. Then, I shall discuss the brands that struck my interest during the trip to the Museum of Brands. After this, I will conclude this report by sharing my insights on my experience. Branding, as Stine (2010) highlighted in his paper entitled â€Å"The Nine Principles of Branding†, is essentially about communicating the unique differentiation of one product in relation to its competitors. Through the proper combination of striking statements and creative visuals, branding is able to elevate the relevance of the highlighted product in the daily lives of the consumers.

Invention of Gatsby :: essays research papers

The Invention of Jay Gatsby â€Å"It was a testimony to the romantic speculation that he inspired that there were whispers about him from those who had found little that is was necessary to whisper about in this world.† (48) States the narrator, illustrating the attractiveness to attention and gossip of a party host. The quote comments on a conversation of two woman gossiping about the mysterious host named Gatsby. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book The Great Gatsby, a young man’s life and character is invented by his peers and colleagues, and by his own personal dream. When the reader first meets Jay Gatsby, he is portrayed as a private man who frequently threw lavish parties. Many of these parties consisted of people who were unaware of who Gatsby was. Because of his private nature many of his guests began to make assumptions about his past. The rumors created established an outlandish persona of Gatsby. Each rumor accumulated and grew until a rumor of Gatsby being a murder accrued. Rumors and stories alone created an exciting yet still mysterious character. A few of his guest become suspicious of his profligate but enigmatic style. Describing how unusual Gatsby’s kindness was for replacing a gown that a woman had ripped at one of this parties, a guest states; â€Å"There is something funny about a fellow that’ll do something like that. He doesn’t want any trouble with anybody.† (48) Though it was not Gatsby who had ripped the dress, he felt permitted to replacing it. Gatsby might not know all this guests, but he is com mitted to insuring they have a good time. This uncommon benevolence brings a sense of conspiracy and suspicion. However this guise of Gatsby was created through rumors and gossip but not without the aid of the character Gatsby portrayed for himself. Gatsby’s world appeared to resemble the ideal life. With a large house, expensive cars, and outlandish parties, Gatsby depicted the American dream. This life of luxury and the man known as Jay Gatsby was created from a dream of a young man named James Gats. Elucidating Gatsby’s dream the narrator states: â€Å"The truth was that Jay Gatsby, of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of God-a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that-and he must be about His Father’s Business, the service of a vast, vulgar and meretricious beauty. Invention of Gatsby :: essays research papers The Invention of Jay Gatsby â€Å"It was a testimony to the romantic speculation that he inspired that there were whispers about him from those who had found little that is was necessary to whisper about in this world.† (48) States the narrator, illustrating the attractiveness to attention and gossip of a party host. The quote comments on a conversation of two woman gossiping about the mysterious host named Gatsby. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book The Great Gatsby, a young man’s life and character is invented by his peers and colleagues, and by his own personal dream. When the reader first meets Jay Gatsby, he is portrayed as a private man who frequently threw lavish parties. Many of these parties consisted of people who were unaware of who Gatsby was. Because of his private nature many of his guests began to make assumptions about his past. The rumors created established an outlandish persona of Gatsby. Each rumor accumulated and grew until a rumor of Gatsby being a murder accrued. Rumors and stories alone created an exciting yet still mysterious character. A few of his guest become suspicious of his profligate but enigmatic style. Describing how unusual Gatsby’s kindness was for replacing a gown that a woman had ripped at one of this parties, a guest states; â€Å"There is something funny about a fellow that’ll do something like that. He doesn’t want any trouble with anybody.† (48) Though it was not Gatsby who had ripped the dress, he felt permitted to replacing it. Gatsby might not know all this guests, but he is com mitted to insuring they have a good time. This uncommon benevolence brings a sense of conspiracy and suspicion. However this guise of Gatsby was created through rumors and gossip but not without the aid of the character Gatsby portrayed for himself. Gatsby’s world appeared to resemble the ideal life. With a large house, expensive cars, and outlandish parties, Gatsby depicted the American dream. This life of luxury and the man known as Jay Gatsby was created from a dream of a young man named James Gats. Elucidating Gatsby’s dream the narrator states: â€Å"The truth was that Jay Gatsby, of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of God-a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that-and he must be about His Father’s Business, the service of a vast, vulgar and meretricious beauty.

Belonging Essay ‘Romulus My Father’, ‘the Lost Thing’ and ‘the Catcher in the Rye’

Our search for who we are is fuelled by our innate desire to achieve a sense of acceptance and belonging. Belonging doesn’t just happen; it involves many factors and experiences in order to feel that you truly belong. Feeling a sense of inclusion can enrich our identity and relationships and can lead to acceptance and understanding. In order to understand who we are we need to belong and this is effectively represented in Raimond Gaita’s memoir ‘Romulus My Father,’ Shaun Tan’s ‘The Lost Thing’ and JD Salinger’s ‘The Catcher in the Rye. An individual’s interaction with others and the world around them can enrich or limit their experience of belonging to an environment. ‘Romulus My Father’ demonstrates this through the profound sense of acceptance that exists within Raimond. He delivers his observations in a reflective and thoughtful tone, particularly in his recollections of his father, as he â€Å"loved him too deeply†¦ no quarrel could estrange (them)† and felt a genuine sense of familial belonging. This is also evident even after Christine dies. He observed, â€Å"We came together as son and husband with the woman whose remains lay beneath us. † Juxtaposed against Raimond’s belonging is the suffering of Christine in her displacement. Christine struggles to be the mother that society expects her to be, and her inability to relate and conform is described by Raimond as, â€Å"a troubled city girl, she could not settle†¦ in a landscape that highlighted her isolation. † Raimond’s despondent tone conveys how Christine could not fit into the community and in Australia. As a result, her isolation and alienation lead her to betray the institution of family juxtaposed by â€Å"I felt awkward with her,† which shows that Raimond’s relationship with his mother has lost the familial belonging it once contained. Similar to Christine’s feelings of estrangement, Romulus â€Å"felt like a ‘prisoner’ in Australia,† that was looked down upon and unwanted, resulting in a sympathetic response from the reader. Throughout the novel, we witness Romulus facing and struggling with these opposing pressures. Feelings of estrangement and an inability to simply ‘fit in’ are similarly explored in Shaun Tan’s â€Å"The Lost Thing†. Tan explores the attitude and bitterness towards things that do not belong, and the intricacies of a world that directly reflects society and its inability to accept differences. The fundamental need to belong can consequently result in many altering themselves in order to conform to societal expectations. Feeling a sense of belonging and acceptance involves facing many pressures and difficulties, which are clearly demonstrated by Tan. The Lost Thing is largely ignored and hardly noticed by the community, despite its bright red colour and large appearance that makes it stand out to the reader as it is juxtaposed with the dull and industrialized background. However, regardless of it curious appearance and obvious presence, the community is self-absorbed, too preoccupied with their ritual habits to even notice it. Towards the end of the book, it becomes clear that there are many other lost things that regularly appear in the city, but their presence can only be measured by the minimal extent to which they are noticed. This demonstrates the negative attitudes directed towards people or things that do not stereotypically fit in with the rest of society. Tan also explores the sense of belonging created in such a detached environment. The citizens of the organised community develop a sense of identity by conforming to the rule of society and following the organised standardizations, as demonstrated through the reoccurring motif of the identical houses drawn in neat columns. Ultimately for them to be accepted, they exclude others. Attaining a sense of ‘belonging’ can act as a nurturing force for notions of identity, bringing fulfillment and enrichment of character and this is clearly demonstrated throughout JD Salinger’s novel ‘The Catcher in the Rye,’ through the protagonist nature of Holden Caulfield. Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. As he mentions to his professor Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on â€Å"the other side† of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn’t belong. Part of Holden’s alienation is a result of his inability, or perhaps unwillingness to grow up. Holden is fearful of adulthood, claiming that adulthood is world of superficiality and â€Å"phonies. † We are constantly reminded of Holden’s war against â€Å"phonies†, ironically reflecting on Holden’s phoney and fake personality. Like a child, Holden fears change and is overwhelmed by the complexity, but he is too out of touch with his feelings to admit it. Instead, he spends much of his time criticizing others. When are you going to grow up? † Carl Luce makes it apparent to Holden that he must grow up and move on from his issues which are holding him back. In the conclusion of his journey, Holden is able to gain a sense of belonging and acceptance within his sister Phoebe. Although losing his brother Allie was incredibly hard, Holden finds comfort in his close relationship with his sister and is able to move on willingly. The feeling of acceptan ce involves many factors and experiences. The innate desire to belong and ramifications of not belonging are clearly represented within ‘Romulus my Father’. The struggles of belonging in the self-absorbed organized society of ‘The Lost Thing’ clearly demonstrate our basic need to be accepted. JD Salinger is able to prove that a sense of belonging comes from a sense of identity within ‘The Catcher in the Rye. ’ Belonging can enrich our identity and relationships and can lead to acceptance and understanding.

Old Diseases and Obsolete Medical Terms Definitions

Two centuries ago doctors were dealing with medical conditions such as burns, asthma, epilepsy, and angina that are still familiar today. However, they were also contending with deaths caused by such things as auge (malaria), dropsy (edema), or  spontaneous combustion (especially of brandy-drinking men and women). Death certificates from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries often include obsolete medical terms which may be unfamiliar or unexpected, such as milk sickness (poisoning by drinking milk from cows that have eaten the white snakeroot plant), Brights disease (kidney disease) or consumption (tuberculosis). A newspaper account attributed the 1886 death of fireman Aaron Culver to drinking too much cold water. It also wasnt uncommon during the Victorian-era to see an official cause of death noted as  visitation by God (often another way of saying natural causes). Numerous health conditions that led to death prior to the early twentieth century have all but disappeared today thanks to drastic improvements in hygiene and medicine. Hundreds of thousands of women died needlessly during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries of puerperal fever,  an infection caused by bacteria introduced by unwashed hands and medical instruments. Prior to the middle of the twentieth century and the widespread use of vaccines, diseases like smallpox, polio  and  measles  killed thousands each year. Yellow fever was the noted cause of death on the majority of 5,000 death certificates issued in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, between August 1 and November 9, 1793. Many once common medical treatments have fallen by the wayside as well. The use of maggots to debride dead tissue from infected wounds was commonplace well into the twentieth century, prior to the widespread introduction of penicillin during World War II. Leeches were popular with doctors for blood-letting to balance the four humors (blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile) and bring an ill patient back into good health. And while there really is such a thing as medicinal snake oil, there were also many quacks who peddled the health benefits of unproven patent medicines and elixirs. List of Old or Obsolete Diseases and Medical Terms Ablepsy - Blindness.Ague - Used to describe intermittent fever and chills; usually, but not always, associated with malaria. Also called febrile intermittens.Aphonia - A suppression of the voice; laryngitis.Apoplexy -  A disease in which the patient falls down suddenly without other sense or motion; stroke.Bilious remitting fever - Dengue fever.Break-bone or Break-heart fever - Dengue fever.Biliousness - Jaundice.Bloody Flux - Dysentery;  an inflammation of the intestine causing diarrhea with blood.Brain Fever - An inflammation of the brain, used to describe one of several different brain infections including encephalitis, meningitis and cerebritis.Camp Fever - Typhus.Chlorosis - Anemia; also called green sickness.Cholera infantum - Infant diarrhea; sometimes called summer diarrhea or summer complaint.Catarrh - This term is still in use today to describe  excessive buildup of mucus in the nose or throat, associated with inflammation of the mucous membrane. However, in the 19th century the term was used more generally to describe upper respiratory ailments such as bronchitis or the common cold.Consumption - Tuberculosis.Creeping paralysis - Syphilis.Debility - Used to describe failure to thrive in infancy, or in old age due to loss of weight from undiagnosed cancer or other disorder.Dropsy - Edema;  often caused by congestive heart failure.Dyspepsia - Acid indigestion or heartburn.Falling sickness - Epilepsy.French pox or French disease - Syphilis.Green sickness - Anemia; also called chlorosis.Grip or Grippe -  Influenza.Marasmus - A wasting of the flesh without fever or apparent disease; severe malnutrition.Milk sickness -  Poisoning from drinking milk from cows that have eaten the white snakeroot plant; found only in the midwest United States.Mortification - Gangrene; necrosis.Nostalgia - Homesickness; yes, this was occasionally listed as a cause of death.Phthisis - The French word for consumption; tuberculosis.Quinsy - A peritonsillar abscess, a k nown complication of tonsillitis.Scrumpox - Skin disease; usually an infection  caused by the herpes simplex virus. Additional Sources for Historical Medical Terms Conditions Grammars of Death. Accessed 19 Apr 2016.  https://sites.google.com/a/umich.edu/grammars-of-death/home Chase, A. W., MD.  Dr. Chases Third, Last and Complete Receipt Book and Household Physician, or Practical Knowledge for the People.  Detroit: F. B. Dickerson Co., 1904. Decennial Cause of Death in England, 1851–1910. A Vision of Britain Through Time. Accessed 19 Apr 2016.  www.visionofbritain.org.uk. Hooper, Robert. Lexicon Medicum; or Medical Dictionary. New York: Harper, 1860. National Center for Health Statistics. Leading Causes of Death, 1900–1998. Accessed 19 Apr 2016.  http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/lead1900_98.pdf. The National Archives (UK). Historic Mortality Datasets. Accessed 19 Apr 2016.  http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk.